EHS glossary>Safety term

The Definition of Climate Risk (Physical and Transition Risk)

Climate risk is the potential for climate change to harm a business, divided into physical risks from extreme weather and long-term shifts, and transition risks from policy, technology and market changes.

Plain-English definition
Real-world example
Climate Risk (Physical and Transition Risk) definition

Definition of Climate Risk

Climate risk is the potential for negative consequences to an organization from climate change. Frameworks such as the TCFD and IFRS S2 split it into two types.

Physical Risks

  • Acute: event-driven hazards such as floods, wildfires, hurricanes and heatwaves.
  • Chronic: longer-term shifts such as rising average temperatures, sea level rise and changing rainfall.

Physical risks directly affect worker safety. Hotter summers increase heat stress, wildfires bring smoke exposure, and storms and floods can trap lone workers or damage access roads.

Transition Risks

  • Policy and legal: carbon pricing, emissions rules and disclosure laws.
  • Technology: the cost and pace of switching to low-carbon equipment.
  • Market: changing customer demand and supply chain requirements.
  • Reputation: stakeholder perception of climate performance.

Example of Climate Risk

An agricultural services company added climate risk to its risk register. It identified more frequent extreme heat days as a physical risk and introduced work-rest schedules based on WBGT. It identified rising diesel costs and carbon pricing as transition risks and began trialing electric utility vehicles.

Frequently Asked Questions: Climate Risk

Who should own climate risk?

Boards oversee it, but risk, finance, sustainability, operations and EHS teams all contribute.

How is climate risk assessed?

Through risk assessments and scenario analysis that test the business against different warming and policy pathways.

Is climate risk disclosure required?

It is required in some jurisdictions and expected by many investors. Requirements vary and are changing.

Part of SafetyIQ's EHS glossary: plain-English definitions of workplace health and safety terms.

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